Kodi LNG Refueling Station ndi chiyani?

Chifukwa cha kukwezedwa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mpweya wochepa wa carbon, mayiko padziko lonse lapansi akufunafunanso magetsi abwino kuti alowe m'malo mwa mafuta amtundu wa mayendedwe. Chigawo chachikulu cha gasi wopangidwa ndi liquefied (LNG) ndi methane, womwe ndi gasi wachilengedwe womwe timagwiritsa ntchito pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Kwenikweni ndi gasi. Pakukakamizidwa kwabwinobwino, kuti athe kuyendetsa ndi kusungirako, gasi wachilengedwe umakhazikika mpaka madigiri 162 Celsius, kusinthika kuchoka ku mpweya kupita kumadzi. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa gasi wachilengedwe wamadzimadzi ndi pafupifupi 1/625 ya voliyumu yamafuta achilengedwe amtundu womwewo. Ndiye, malo odzaza mafuta a LNG ndi chiyani? Nkhaniyi iwunikanso mfundo yoyendetsera ntchito, mawonekedwe odzaza, ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limagwira pakusintha kwamagetsi komwe kulipo pano.

Kodi malo opangira mafuta a LNG ndi chiyani?
Ichi ndi chida chapadera chomwe chimapangidwira kusunga ndi kuwonjezera mafuta a LNG. Amapereka mafuta a LNG pamagalimoto onyamula katundu ataliatali, mabasi, magalimoto olemera kapena zombo. Mosiyana ndi malo opangira mafuta wamba ndi dizilo, malowa amasungunula mpweya wozizira kwambiri (-162 ℃) kukhala wamadzimadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusunga ndi kunyamula.

Kusungirako: LNG imayendetsedwa kudzera m'matanki a cryogenic ndikusungidwa m'matanki opanda vacuum mkati mwa malo odzaza LNG kuti ikhalebe ndi kutentha kochepa komanso mawonekedwe amadzimadzi.

Kuwonjezera mafuta: Pakafunika, gwiritsani ntchito mpope wa LNG kusamutsa LNG kuchokera ku tanki yosungiramo kupita ku makina opangira mafuta. Ogwira ntchito owonjezera mafuta amalumikiza mphuno ya makina opangira mafuta ku tanki yosungiramo LNG yagalimotoyo. Mamita otaya mkati mwa makina opangira mafuta amayamba kuyeza, ndipo LNG imayamba kuwonjezeredwa pansi pamavuto.

Kodi zigawo zazikulu za malo opangira mafuta a LNG ndi chiyani?
Tanki yosungiramo vacuum yotentha yotsika: Tanki yosungiramo zinthu ziwiri zosanjikiza ziwiri, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa kutentha komanso kusunga kutentha kwa LNG.

Vaporizer: Chipangizo chomwe chimasintha LNG yamadzi kukhala CNG yamagetsi (kukonzanso gasi). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pa malowa kapena kuwongolera kupanikizika kwa matanki osungira.

Dispenser: Wokhala ndi mawonekedwe anzeru ogwiritsa ntchito, mkati mwake amakhala ndi ma hoses, ma nozzles odzaza, ma flow metre ndi zida zina zomwe zidapangidwira kutentha pang'ono kwa LNG.

Dongosolo loyang'anira: Idzakhala ndi dongosolo lanzeru, lotetezeka komanso lophatikizika loyang'anira kupanikizika, kutentha kwa zida zosiyanasiyana pamalopo, komanso momwe zinthu ziliri za LNG.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa malo opangira mafuta a LNG (liquefied natural gas) ndi malo opangira mafuta a CNG (compressed natural gas)?
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG): Amasungidwa mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi pa kutentha kwa minus 162 degrees Celsius. Chifukwa cha madzi ake, imakhala ndi malo ochepa ndipo imatha kudzazidwa m'matangi a magalimoto olemera ndi magalimoto onyamula katundu, zomwe zimalola kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Makhalidwe oterowo amapangitsa kukhala chisankho chokondedwa pamabasi akutali ndi magalimoto olemera.

Gasi Wachilengedwe Woponderezedwa (CNG): Wosungidwa mu mawonekedwe a mpweya wothamanga kwambiri. Popeza ndi gasi, imakhala ndi voliyumu yokulirapo ndipo nthawi zambiri imafuna masilinda a gasi okulirapo kapena kuwonjezeredwa pafupipafupi, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera pamagalimoto apamtunda monga mabasi amtawuni, magalimoto apayekha, ndi zina zambiri.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito gasi wachilengedwe (LNG) ndi chiyani?
Malinga ndi chilengedwe, LNG ndiyotetezeka kwambiri kuposa mafuta. Ngakhale magalimoto a LNG ali ndi mtengo wogula woyamba, womwe umafunikira matanki osungira okwera mtengo komanso injini zapadera, mtengo wawo wamafuta ndi wotsika kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi izi, magalimoto a petulo, ngakhale kuti ndi otsika mtengo, amakhala ndi mtengo wokwera wamafuta ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwamitengo yamafuta padziko lonse lapansi. Kuchokera pazachuma, LNG ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kwachitukuko.

Kodi malo opangira mafuta a gasi opangidwa ndi liquefied ndi otetezeka?
Ndithudi. Dziko lirilonse liri ndi miyezo yofananira yopangira malo opangira mafuta a gasi, ndipo magawo omanga oyenerera ayenera kutsatira miyezo yolimba yomanga ndikugwira ntchito. LNG yokha sidzaphulika. Ngakhale ngati pali kutayikira kwa LNG, idzawonongeka mwamsanga mumlengalenga ndipo sichidzaunjikana pansi ndikuyambitsa kuphulika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, malo opangira mafuta adzalandiranso malo ambiri otetezera, omwe amatha kuzindikira mwadongosolo ngati pali kutayikira kapena kulephera kwa zida.